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What are Learning Disabilities

 

A learning disability means a person has a different way to process their brain when retrieving incoming information, which may be different from the ones who do not have learning disabilities. Learning disability does affect their ability of:

Reading

Writing

Communication

Math

Learning disability is being defined in different ways by different professional organizations, depending on their focus of definition, which is very common. There is no such a specific definition of learning disability and it does not correlate with intelligence. NICHD and other agencies are still researching to find the causes of learning disability, able to identify them specifically and find appropriate tools to treat them. There is no cure for it, unfortunately.

Each one’s brain works differently, and different tools may help to aid people with learning disabilities on how to write, read, speak or do math. However, one tool may not work for all, which is why it is important for people with learning disabilities to explore different treatments to identify what works better for them.

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Learn more about Learning Disabilities

Normally, a person’s brain enables her or his ability to learn how to read, write, speak, and formulate numbers. But sometimes, their brain function may not be well wired or structured,  which results in their ability to process incoming information differently from others. Learning disability might be diagnosed when a child struggles to process all information and lags behind with their educational goals. Learning disabilities do not necessarily mean one disorder. Still, sometimes more than two disorders overlap, which may last a lifetime but can be manageable with the right support and tools to achieve educational goals.

Having a learning disability does not reflect a person's intelligence. Learning disabilities completely differ from “learning problems” due to intellectual and developmental disabilities, vision, hearing, emotional or mobility skills. 

Again, each group may define “learning disability” differently based on the organization's focus. For more information on this subject can be found at the U.S. Department of Education, as it does provide provides statutes, regulations, and policies on the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act; the Learning Disabilities Association of America; and https://www.understood.org, which is managed by the National Center for Learning Disabilities.

 

According to the National Institutes of Health, 15 percent of the U.S. population, or one in five Americans, has some type of learning disability.

What are the three most types of learning disabilities?


The three most com​mon types are dyslexia,dysgraphia, and dyscalculia.

1 in 5

Americans who learn and think differenly

Types of Learning Disabilities

Here are some of the most common learning disabilities below. The beauty of running is that it can be done in a variety of places, by people of all abilities, at short and long distances.

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Dyslexia

People with dyslexia struggle reading words accurately. They may struggle to spell words, understand full sentences or recognize words that they already know.3

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Dyscalculia

People struggle to understand arithmetic concepts, or calculate math or measure numbers.5

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Central auditory processing disorder. 

People may not be able to remember or understand language-related tasks such as explaining with depth details, understanding jokes, or following directions/instructions. Words get easily confused and distracted in their brain process. 7

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Dysgraphia

People with dysgraphia are not good with their handwriting as they struggle to form letters, write within a specific space, or express their thoughts in written words. 4

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Apraxia of speech

People struggle to express themselves verbally, which prevents them from speaking what they want to say. Sometimes it can be called verbal apraxia.6

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Nonverbal learning disorders. 

People may have strong verbal skills but not be able to understand the meaning of facial expressions or body language (non-verbal). They may get clumsy, struggling to generalize and not being able to follow multi steps directions..8

Citations
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  1. LD Online. (n.d.). What is a learning disability? Retrieved March 4, 2017, from http://www.ldonline.org/ldbasics/whatisld  

  2. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (n.d.). Learning disabilities information page. Retrieved March 6, 2017, from https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Learning-Disabilities-Information-Page

  3. International Dyslexia Association. (2008). Dyslexia at a glance. Retrieved March 4, 2017, from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-at-a-glance/

  4. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. (n.d.). Dysgraphia information page. Retrieved March 4, 2017, from https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Dysgraphia-Information-Page

  5. Understood.org. (n.d.). Understanding dyscalculia. Retrieved August 24, 2018, from https://www.understood.org/en/learning-attention-issues/child-learning-disabilities/dyscalculia/understanding-dyscalculia

  6. National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. (2010). Apraxia of speech. Retrieved March 4, 2017, from http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/voice/pages/apraxia.aspx

  7. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. (n.d.) Auditory Processing Disorder in Children. Retrieved June 24, 2020, from https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Understanding-Auditory-Processing-Disorders-in-Children/

  8. Learning Disabilities Association of America. (n.d.). Non-verbal learning disorders. Retrieved March 4, 2017, from https://ldaamerica.org/disabilities/non-verbal-learning-disabilities/

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